Clone 500A2 is a Syrian hamster IgG2a kappa monoclonal antibody raised against mouse CD3e, the epsilon subunit of the CD3/T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling complex. Because it recognises a widely conserved component of the TCR complex on essentially all mature ab T cells, 500A2 is a standard tool for engaging, activating and modulating murine T cells in functional and in vivo settings, and is also validated for flow cytometry and IHC on frozen sections. The hamster IgG2a format and pan-T reactivity make it well suited to studies of T-cell activation, TCR signalling, tolerance induction and T-cell dynamics in immunocompetent mice. This preparation is manufactured for in vivo and functional research: it is supplied at low endotoxin levels (research grade <1 EU/mg; ultra-low <0.5 EU/mg) to minimise confounding innate stimulation, is available in bulk mg-to-gram quantities to support dosing across cohorts and repeat experiments, and is provided for research use only (RUO). Purity, aggregate control and low endotoxin are particularly important for anti-CD3 antibodies given their potency at engaging the TCR complex.
CD3e (CD3 epsilon) is an invariant, non-polymorphic subunit of the CD3 complex that, together with CD3 gamma, CD3 delta and the zeta (CD247) homodimer, assembles with the clonotypic TCR alpha/beta heterodimer to form the complete T-cell receptor complex. CD3e itself does not bind antigen; instead it is essential for TCR assembly, surface expression and, critically, for transducing activation signals. Its cytoplasmic tail carries immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) that, upon TCR engagement, are phosphorylated by Lck and recruit ZAP-70, initiating the downstream cascade (LAT, PLCg1, calcium flux, NFAT/NF-kB/AP-1) that drives T-cell activation, proliferation and effector differentiation. CD3e is expressed on essentially all mature ab and gd T cells and thymocytes, making it a pan-T-cell marker. Antibodies to CD3e can cluster the TCR complex and deliver activating signals independent of peptide-MHC, which underlies their use as polyclonal T-cell stimulators and immunomodulators.